Scrawny wrote:For example, how do I learn where to put crashes and open hats? Apart from hearing how they've been used in other songs.
This response is in no way trying to be difficult... but you're kind of at an awkward philosophical crossroads with that question and statement, and nobody is going to be able to tell you what to do.
For genres of music... you put drums in different positions because those are the 'rules'. In general you can learn the 'rules' by listening to genres of music, checking out beat patterns as posted above, etc...
New genres and styles of music, different cultures, perception of what is and is not an up beat or down beat... it can all become very personal, and what is pushing the boundary for one person is completely obvious for somebody else. Why is boots n' cats so effective... why not just have n' n' cats boots? What happens when you take a pattern and swap snares, claps, and kicks, or change the time signatures for all of those parts...
There's literally a limitless amount of things you *could* do... and this is where you just need to experiment and try things and push yourself. Or if you're looking to fit within a specific genre do some research with streams, pattern books, whatever... but it's totally worth taking the time to break it down and think "why did this person put it together this way?"